Kore Kast
Kore Kast is a Podcast dedicated to integrating health and wellness with an emphasis on Pilates and Functional Fitness. This weekly Podcast is hosted by Kris Harris, a Certified Pilates Instructor and Personal Trainer. Please subscribe and follow our journey...
Kore Kast
Thyroid Health 101: Navigating the Complexities of Anatomy, Function, and Nutrition
Can you imagine living with a condition and not even knowing it? Up to 60% of people with thyroid disorders are unaware of their condition. Join me, Kris Harris, as we spotlight the importance of thyroid health during Thyroid Cancer Awareness Month on this episode of Kore Kast. We dive into the anatomy and crucial functions of the thyroid gland, explaining how hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) regulate your metabolism and impact overall well-being. We take a closer look at the rising incidence of thyroid diseases, including common disorders like hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and autoimmune conditions such as Hashimoto's disease and Graves' disease.
This episode underscores the significance of early detection and effective management of thyroid conditions. We'll explore how a balanced diet rich in essential nutrients, coupled with regular exercise, can support thyroid health. Additionally, we shine a light on thyroid cancer, stressing the need for education, early detection, and support for those affected. By staying informed and proactive about your thyroid health, you can significantly enhance your overall well-being. Don't forget to subscribe to Kore Kast and follow us on social media for future updates and episodes. Tune in to empower yourself with knowledge and take charge of your thyroid health!
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Hello and welcome to another episode of the K ore Kast, where we explore holistic approaches to health and wellness. I'm your host, K ris Harris, and I'm a certified personal trainer and Pilates instructor who's been working with clients for over 18 years to help them reach their fitness, health and wellness goals. Today, we're diving into the fascinating world of thyroid health. As June is Thyroid Cancer Awareness Month, it's the perfect time to shed light on this small but mighty gland that plays a significant role in our overall well-being. Thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine cancers, with an increasing incidence worldwide. Did you know that more than 12% of people in the United States will develop thyroid disease at some point in their lifetime? That's a staggering number, yet up to 60% of those affected remain unaware of their condition. Hypothyroidism is approximately 7.5 times more common than hyperthyroidism. However, experts believe that thyroid disease is on the rise. Whether due to better diagnostic methods or an actual increase in cases remains a topic of debate. Hashimoto's disease, the leading cause of hypothyroidism, appears to be more prevalent in white Americans, but less common in black Americans, asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. Graves' disease associated with hyperthyroidism is more frequent among black Americans and Pacific Islanders. The incident rate of thyroid cancer has been steadily rising over the past few decades, partly due to improved detection methods. However, the mortality rate for thyroid cancer is relatively low compared with other cancers, with a 5-year survival rate of around 98%. We're going to discuss what the thyroid gland is all about, talk about its anatomy and function and talk about the diseases of the thyroid and related symptoms. We will explore the role of diet and nutrition for thyroid health. So let's get started.
Kris Harris:The thyroid gland is part of the endocrine system, along with other glands like the adrenal glands, hypothalamus, pituitary ovaries and testes. It's situated at the front of the neck, just below the larynx and surrounding the trachea. The thyroid gland resembles a butterfly consisting of two connected lobes. These lobes are linked by a thin piece of tissue called the isthmus connected lobes. These lobes are linked by a thin piece of tissue called the isthmus. Follicles are contained in each lobe, which house hormones essential for bodily functions. The thyroid gland is enveloped by two capsules. The outer capsule connects the muscles of the voice box and surrounding nerves. The inner capsule lies between the outer capsule and the thyroid gland, allowing movement during swallowing and talking. There's different types of cell types in the thyroid Follicular cells are producing two critical hormones thyroxine, which is T4, which regulates metabolism, and tritothyroine, t3, is also involved in metabolism. Parafollicular cells, or C-cells, create calcitonin, which helps regulate blood calcium and phosphate levels.
Kris Harris:The thyroid gland is controlled by the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland, which are both located in the brain. Its primary function is to release hormones into the bloodstream, which one regulate metabolism, influencing how the body uses energy, which one regulate metabolism, influencing how the body uses energy. It affects various processes including bone growth, bone development, brain development, heart rate digestion, muscle function, body temperature and menstrual cycles. The thyroid can adjust hormone production as needed, such as during pregnancy or to increase body temperature. Abnormal hormone production can result in conditions like Hashimoto's disease, which is hypothyroidism, and Graves' disease, which is hyperthyroidism.
Kris Harris:As we discussed previously, the thyroid gland can exhibit variations. Some individuals lack the isthmus, the tissue connecting the lobes. Lobes may also differ in size. There may be a pyramidal lobe which considers a third lobe that can extend from the isthmus. An enlargement or goiter of the thyroid nodules, which is clumps of cells, may occur, sometimes indicating thyroid cancer. Remember, the thyroid gland's intricate dance of hormones affects your overall well-being. Thyroid disease can occur due to an imbalance in hormone production or the presence of abnormal growths. Some common thyroid conditions include hypothyroidism. This is a condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland and can present a variety of symptoms.
Kris Harris:The symptoms of hypothyroidism may vary from person to person and can develop gradually over time. Here's some common symptoms associated with hypothyroidism. Number one fatigue and weakness. Feeling excessively tired and lacking energy, even after adequate rest, is a common symptom of hypothyroidism. Individuals may experience a constant sense of fatigue and weakness. Number two is weight gain. Unexplained weight gain or difficulty in losing weight despite maintaining a healthy diet and regular exercise can be a symptom of hypothyroidism. The slowed metabolism associated with an underactive thyroid can contribute to weight gain.
Kris Harris:Number three is cold sensitivity. Hypothyroidism can lead to decreased tolerance to cold temperatures. Individuals may feel cold more easily than others and may have a preference for warm environments. Number four is dry skin and hair. Dry skin, brittle nails and hair loss or thinning are common symptoms of hypothyroidism. The reduced production of thyroid hormones can affect the moisture levels in the skin and hair.
Kris Harris:Number five is muscle and joint pain. Hypothyroidism can cause muscle and joint discomfort, stiffness or pain. These symptoms may be more pronounced during physical activity. Number six is constipation. Slow digestion and reduced bowel movements are common symptoms of hypothyroidism Individuals may experience constipation and have difficulty passing stools regularly. Number seven is mood changes. Hypothyroidism can affect mood and mental well-being. Symptoms may include depression, irritability, difficulty concentrating and memory problems. Number eight is menstrual irregularities. Women with hypothyroidism may experience menstrual irregularities, including heavier or prolonged periods or less frequent menstruation. And number nine is elevated cholesterol levels. Hypothyroidism may lead to increased levels of cholesterol in the blood, which can contribute to cardiovascular health concerns.
Kris Harris:On the other hand, hyperthyroidism is a medical condition characterized by an overactive thyroid gland, which leads to the excessive production and release of thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones play a critical role in regulating the body's metabolism, so an excess of these hormones can greatly impact various bodily functions. The symptoms of hyperthyroidism can vary from person to person, and they may develop gradually or suddenly. Some common symptoms include number one increased metabolism. Hyperthyroidism revs up the body's metabolism, leading to weight loss despite an increased appetite. Individuals may also experience increased sweating, heat intolerance and a rapid or regular heartbeat.
Kris Harris:Number two is nervousness and anxiety. People with hyperthyroidism often feel restless, anxious and irritable. They may have difficulty concentrating, experiencing mood swings and having trouble sleeping. Number three is fatigue and weakness. While hyperthyroidism is associated with an increased metabolism, individuals may paradoxically feel fatigued and weak. This can be due to the strain on the body caused by the overactive thyroid gland.
Kris Harris:Number four is tremors and muscle weakness. Hyperthyroidism can cause trembling hands and an overall sensation of shakiness. Muscle weakness, especially in the upper arms and thighs, may also occur. Number five is changes in menstrual patterns. Women with hyperthyroidism may experience irregular menstrual cycles, lighter or heavier periods or even the absence of periods. Number six changes in bowel habits. Some individuals may experience frequent bowel movements or diarrhea.
Kris Harris:Number seven is enlarged thyroid gland or goiter. In some cases, the thyroid gland may become enlarged, resulting in visible swelling in the neck area. And the last is eye problems. Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism and can cause eye-related symptoms such as bulging eyes, eye irritation, double vision and, in severe cases, vision loss. It's important to note that these symptoms can also be associated with other medical conditions, so it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis.
Kris Harris:If left untreated, hyperthyroidism can lead to complications such as heart problems, osteoporosis and a thyroid storm, which is a life-threatening condition. Treatment options include medication, radioactive iodine therapy or surgery, depending on the underlying cause and individual circumstances. If left untreated, hypothyroidism can lead to severe potential complications. These complications can vary in severity and their incurrence may depend on factors such as the underlying cause of hypothyroidism and individual health. Some potential complications can include cardiovascular problems.
Kris Harris:Hypothyroidism can strain the heart and cardiovascular system. It can lead to an increased heart rate, irregular heart rhythms, arrhythmias and high blood pressure, and over time, this can increase the risk of heart failure. Heart rhythms, arrhythmias and high blood pressure, and over time, this can increase the risk of heart failure, heart attack and other cardiovascular conditions. Osteoporosis Excessive thyroid hormone levels can accelerate bone turnover, leading to a loss of bone density. This increases the risk of developing osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones that are prone to fractures. Osteoporosis a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones that are prone to fractures.
Kris Harris:Thyroid storm as we mentioned earlier, in rare cases, untreated hyperthyroidism can lead to a life-threatening condition called thyroid storm. Thyroid storm is an extreme exacerbation of the hyperthyroid symptoms, including high fever, severe agitation, rapid heartbeat and even organ failure. Immediate medical attention is required in such cases. Eye problems like we talked about before with Graves' disease it's the most common cause of hyperthyroidism can cause eye-related complications bulging eyes, double vision and, in severe cases, vision loss.
Kris Harris:Hyperthyroidism can affect mental health and lead to anxiety, irritability, restlessness and mood swings. It can affect a person's quality of life and overall well-being. As we talked about before, it can disrupt menstrual cycles and even cause irregular, lighter periods or even the absence of period. It can also affect fertility and increase the risk of complications during pregnancy, such as preterm birth and preeclampsia, thyroid nodules or cancer. In some cases, untreated hyperthyroidism can contribute to the development of thyroid nodules or thyroid cancer. Regular monitoring and appropriate treatment are essential to detect and manage these conditions. Again, it's important to note that the risk and severity of complications can be reduced with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. If you suspect you have hyperthyroidism or experiencing symptoms, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.
Kris Harris:Thyroid cancer is a malignant growth in the thyroid gland. It can develop in different types of cells within the gland and may spread to other parts of the body if left untreated. Thyroid cancer develops from the tissues of the thyroid gland, which is that butterfly-shaped organ located at the base of the neck, just below the Adam's apple, and it occurs when thyroid cells grow abnormally and have the potential to spread to other parts of the body. Thyroid cancer might not cause any symptoms initially, but as it grows it can lead to signs such as swelling in the neck, voice changes and difficulty swallowing. There are several different types of thyroid cancer. One is papillary carcinoma, the most common type, often affecting women of childbearing age. It tends to grow slowly and has a favorable prognosis. Another is follicular tumor, more likely to come back and spread. Medullary carcinoma, which arises from non-thyroid hormone-producing cells normally present in the thyroid gland. Anaplastic carcinoma is the most dangerous form, characterized by rapid growth and poor outcomes. Other rare types include thyroid lymphoma and hurdle cell carcinoma. Causes of thyroid cancer can be varied DNA changes or mutations. Thyroid cancer occurs when cells in the thyroid develop changes in their DNA. These mutations instruct the cells to grow and multiply rapidly, defying the natural cell death process. Tumor formation is another thing. Accumulating abnormal cells can form a mass called a tumor. Metastasis is when cancer cells can spread beyond the neck and other areas such as lungs, bones and distant parts of the body. For most thyroid cancers, the exact cause of DNA changes remains unknown. Some of the risk factors associated with thyroid cancer include sex and age. Thyroid cancer occurs about three times more often in women than in men. The reasons for this gender difference remain unclear. The risk peaks earlier for women, who are most often diagnosed in their 40s or 50s, while men are usually diagnosed in their 60s or 70s. Hereditary conditions can also play a role. Several inherited conditions are linked to different types of thyroid cancer, although most cases do not have an inherited basis, medullary thyroid cancer about 2 out of 10 cases result from inheriting an abnormal gene. This condition is known as familial medullary thyroid carcinoma. Ftmc can occur alone or be associated with other tumors, and it's also seen in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Early development of other thyroid cancers have certain genetic conditions that increase the risk. Exposure to radiation is another reason. High levels of radiation exposure, especially during childhood, increase the risk of thyroid cancer. Radiation therapy to the head and neck, for example, for other cancers is a significant risk factor. Insufficient dietary iodine can be another factor. Although rare in developed countries, iodine deficiency can contribute to thyroid nodules and cancer. Ensuring adequate dietary iodine is essential for thyroid health. It's important to remember that having a risk factor doesn't guarantee that you'll develop thyroid cancer and in many cases it occurs without risk factors at all. Regular checkups and awareness are crucial for early detection and management. The survival and treatment rate is very high. High survival is. Out of approximately 44,000 Americans diagnosed with thyroid cancer each year, 98% will survive for about five years or longer. Most types of thyroid cancer respond well to treatments, including surgery, radioactive iodine therapy and targeted therapies. What is the role of exercise and nutrition in thyroid health? Exercise and nutrition play vital roles in maintaining overall thyroid health. Regular physical activity can help improve metabolism and promote hormonal balance. Aerobic exercises such as jogging, cycling or swimming can stimulate thyroid function. Additionally, strength training exercises help increase muscle mass, which can boost metabolism. It's important to consult with a healthcare professional or certified trainer to develop an exercise plan suitable for your individual needs. Nutrition plays a crucial role also in supporting thyroid function. Iodine, found in iodized salt, seafood and dairy products, is essential for production of thyroid hormones. Including iodine-rich foods in your diet ensures optimal thyroid function. Additionally, selenium, zinc and vitamin D are important for thyroid health and can be obtained through a balanced diet. However, excessive consumption of certain foods, such as cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower, may interfere with thyroid hormone production in some individuals. It's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian for personalized dietary recommendations. K The thyroid gland plays a vital role in regulating metabolism and maintaining overall health, and understanding the anatomy, function and diseases associated with the thyroid is crucial for early detection and effective management of thyroid conditions. Remember that regular exercise and a balanced diet including essential nutrients support thyroid health and, additionally, raising awareness about thyroid cancer during Thyroid Cancer Awareness Month in June helps to promote education, early detection and support for those affected by this disease. By staying informed and taking care of our thyroid health, we can contribute to our overall well-being. Thank you for joining me for this week's episode of the Corecast, where we have delved into the intricacies of thyroid health. We hope that you found our discussion on anatomy, function and nutrition informative and helpful. Understanding the complexities of the thyroid can be overwhelming, but we're here to break it down for you, lightning discussions on the Corecast. Remember to subscribe to our podcast and follow us on social media to stay updated on future episodes. Thanks so much for being part of our community and we look forward to bringing you more engaging content in the future.
